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Class: PeekableStream


Inheritance:

   Object
   |
   +--Stream
      |
      +--PeekableStream
         |
         +--ActorStream
         |
         +--CollectingReadStream
         |
         +--EncodedStream
         |
         +--FilteringStream
         |
         +--JSONReader
         |
         +--MultiReadStream
         |
         +--PositionableStream
         |
         +--ZipArchive::AbstractZipStream

Package:
stx:libbasic
Category:
Streams
Version:
rev: 1.68 date: 2018/06/11 12:34:12
user: stefan
file: PeekableStream.st directory: libbasic
module: stx stc-classLibrary: libbasic
Author:
Claus Gittinger

Description:


abstract superclass for all Stream which support read-ahead
(i.e. peeking) of one element.
Concrete subclasses must implement a peek method.

[caveat:]
    Basing capabilities like readability/writability/positionability/peekability on inheritance makes
    the class hierarchy ugly and leads to strange and hard to teach redefinitions (aka. NonPositionableStream
    below PositionableStream or ExternalReadStream under WriteStream)


Class protocol:

Signal constants
o  currentFileInDirectoryQuerySignal
return the querySignal, which can be used to ask for the current directory
during a fileIn (that is the directory where the filed-in file resides),
and in a fileBrowsers doIt.
Using this, allows for the loaded code or doIts to ask for the fileBrowsers
current directory, by asking this querySignal (which is nice sometimes).

o  currentSourceContainerQuery
return the querySignal, which can be used to ask for the current source container filename
during a fileIn
Using this, allows for the loaded code to remember the classes file name.

initialization
o  initialize
setup the signal used to handle errors during fileIn

usage example(s):

     self initialize

queries
o  currentFileInDirectory
during a fileIn (if a script), the script can ask for the current directory

o  currentSourceContainer
during a fileIn (if a script), the script can ask for the current filename

testing
o  isAbstract


Instance protocol:

accessing
o  contents
(comment from inherited method)
return the entire contents of the stream.
For a readStream, that is the rest (i.e. upToEnd),
for a writeStream, that is the collected data. As we do not know here,
what we are, this is the responsibility of a subclass...

chunk input/output
o  nextChunk
return the next chunk, i.e. all characters up to the next
exclamation mark. Within the chunk, exclamation marks have to be doubled,
they are undoubled here.
Except for primitive code, in which doubling is not needed (allowed).
This exception was added to make it easier to edit primitive code with
external editors. However, this means, that other Smalltalks cannot always
read chunks containing primitive code
- but that doesn't really matter, since C-primitives are an ST/X feature anyway.

usage example(s):

match primitive only at beginning of line 
         (ExternalStream>>#nextChunk did this, although stc allows primitive to start anywhere)

usage example(s):

now map CR LF to LF (ExternalStream>>#nextChunk did this)

usage example(s):

map all CR in a CR only file to NL (ExternalStream>>#nextChunk did this)

fileIn
o  fileIn
file in from the receiver, i.e. read chunks and evaluate them -
return the value of the last chunk.

o  fileInBinary
file in from the receiver, i.e. read binary stored classes and/or objects.
Return the last object.

positioning
o  skipAny: skipCollection
skip all characters included in the argument-set.
returns the next peeked element or nil, if the end-of-stream was reached.

o  skipSeparators
skip all whitespace;
return the next peeked element or nil, if the end-of-stream was reached.
The stream's elements should be characters.
Notice: compare this method to skipSpaces

o  skipSeparatorsExceptCR
skip all whitespace except carriage return; returns the
next peeked element or nil, if the end-of-stream was reached.
The streams elements should be characters.
Notice: compare this method to skipSpaces and skipSeparators

o  skipSpaces
skip all spaces; returns the next peeked element or
nil, if the end-of-stream was reached.
The streams elements should be characters.
Notice: this one skips only spaces (i.e. no cr, tabs etc)
usually, skipSeparators is what you want.

private fileIn
o  basicFileInNotifying: someone passChunk: passChunk
central method to file in from the receiver, i.e. read chunks and evaluate them -
return the value of the last chunk.
Someone (which is usually some codeView) is notified of errors.

o  fileInNextChunkNotifying: someone
read next chunk, evaluate it and return the result;
someone (which is usually some codeView) is notified of errors.
Filein is done as follows:
read a chunk
if it started with an excla, evaluate it, and let the resulting object
fileIn more chunks.
This is a nice trick, since the methodsFor: expression evaluates to
a ClassCategoryReader which reads and compiles chunks for its class.
However, other than methodsFor expressions are possible - you can
(in theory) create readers for any syntax.

o  fileInNextChunkNotifying: someone passChunk: passChunk
read next chunk, evaluate it and return the result;
someone (which is usually some codeView) is notified of errors.
Filein is done as follows:
read a chunk
if it started with an excla, evaluate it, and let the resulting object
fileIn more chunks.
This is a nice trick, since the methodsFor: expression evaluates to
a ClassCategoryReader which reads and compiles chunks for its class.
However, other than methodsFor expressions are possible - you can
(in theory) create readers for any syntax.

o  fileInNextChunkNotifying: someone passChunk: passChunk silent: beSilent
read next chunk, evaluate it and return the result;
someone (which is usually some codeView) is notified of errors.
Filein is done as follows:
read a chunk
if it started with an excla, evaluate it, and let the resulting object
fileIn more chunks.
This is a nice trick, since the methodsFor: expression evaluates to
a ClassCategoryReader which reads and compiles chunks for its class.
However, other than methodsFor expressions are possible - you can
(in theory) create readers for any syntax.
The beSilent argument controls output to the transcript, if it's true or
false. If it's nil, output is controlled by the Smalltalk>>silenLoading setting.

o  fileInNotifying: notifiedLoader passChunk: passChunk
central method to file in from the receiver, i.e. read chunks and evaluate them -
return the value of the last chunk.
Someone (which is usually some codeView) is notified of errors.

o  fileInNotifying: notifiedLoader passChunk: passChunk inDirectory: aDirectory
central method to file in from the receiver, i.e. read chunks and evaluate them -
return the value of the last chunk.
Someone (which is usually some codeView) is notified of errors.
Add aDirectory to the search path for classes, while performing the fileIn.

o  fileInXMLNotifying: someone passChunk: passChunk
filein an XML source file (format as in campSmalltalk DTD)

reading
o  nextPeek
advance to next element and return the peeked element

o  nextPeekOrNil
advance to next element and return the peeked element

o  nextUpTo: anObject
read a collection of all objects up-to anObject and return these
elements, but excluding anObject.
The next read operation will return anObject.
If anObject is not encountered, all elements up to the end are read
and returned, and the stream is positioned at the end.
Compare this with #upTo: which positions behind anObject

o  peek
return the next element of the stream without advancing (i.e.
the following send of next will return this element again.)
- we do not know here how to do it, it must be redefined in subclass

** This method raises an error - it must be redefined in concrete classes **

o  peekFor: anObject
if the next-to-be-read object is equal to the argument, anObject, read it
and return true. Otherwise, leave the receiver unaffected and return false.

usage example(s):

      #() readStream peekFor:nil
      #() readStream signalAtEnd:true; peekFor:nil
      #(nil) readStream peekFor:nil
      'abc' readStream next; peekFor:$b.
      'abc' readStream next; peekFor:$c.

o  peekOrNil
like #peek, this returns the next readAhead element, if available.
However, unlike #peek, this does not raise an atEnd-query signal - even
if handled. Instead, nil is returned immediately.

o  skipUntil: aBlock
skip all elements for which aBlock returns false.
Return true if more elements can be read, false if eof has been reached.

usage example(s):

     #(1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10) readStream
        skipUntil:[:el | el >= 5];
        next

o  skipWhile: aBlock
skip all elements for which aBlock returns true. Return true if more elements can be read,
false if eof has been reached.

usage example(s):

     #(1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10) readStream
	skipWhile:[:el | el <= 5];
	next

o  throughAnyForWhich: checkBlock
read & return a collection of all objects up-to and including
the elements for which checkBlock returns true.
(i.e. read until checkBlock returns false on an element)
If no such element is encountered, all elements up to the end are read
and returned.

o  upToAny: aCollectionOfObjects
read a collection of all objects up to an element that is contained in
aCollectionOfObjects and return these elements, but excluding the matching one.
The next read operation will return the element AFTER anObject.
If no such element is encountered, all elements up to the end are read
and returned.
Compare this with #throughAll: which also reads up to some object
and also positions behind it, but DOES include it in the returned
value.

o  upToBeforeAny: aCollectionOfObjects
read a collection of all objects up to an element that is contained in
aCollectionOfObjects and return these elements, but excluding the matching one.
The next read operation will return the matching element.
If no such element is encountered, all elements up to the end are read
and returned.
This returns the exact same as upToAny: would, but leaves the stream's position so that
the next read returns the matching delimiter instead of skipping it.
Caveat: this is the one which should have been called upTo: in the first place;
however, it seems now too late for a change.

o  upToElementForWhich: aBlock
read elements until aBlock returns true for an element.
Return the collected elements excluding that element.
Leave the stream positioned for the next read to return that element.
If no element matches, all elements up to the end are returned

usage example(s):

     #(1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10) readStream
        upToElementForWhich:[:el | el > 5]

o  upToMatching: aBlock
Return the next elements up to but not including the next element
for which aBlock returns true.
The next read will return that matching element.
If none matches, the remaining elements up to the end are returned.

usage example(s):

     'hello world' readStream upToMatching:[:c | c isSeparator].

usage example(s):

     'helloworld' readStream upToMatching:[:c | c isSeparator].

o  upToSeparator
Return the next elements up to but not including the next separator.
The next read will return the separator.
If no separator is encountered, the contents up to the end is returned.
The elements are supposed to understand #isSeparator
(i.e. the receiver is supposed to be a character-stream).

usage example(s):

     'hello world' readStream upToSeparator
     'helloworld' readStream upToSeparator
     'helloworld' readStream upToSeparator
     '' readStream upToSeparator

     |s|
     s := 'hello world' readStream.
     s upToSeparator.
     s upToEnd

reading-numbers
o  nextDecimalInteger
read the next integer in radix 10.
Does NOT skip initial whitespace.
The streams elements should be characters.

Be careful - this method returns 0 if not positioned on a digit initially
or if the end of the stream is encountered.

reading-strings
o  nextAlphaNumericWord
read the next word (i.e. up to non letter-or-digit).
Return a string containing those characters.
Any leading non-alphaNumeric chars are skipped.

National letters or digits in unicode are not treated as letters.

o  nextDelimited: terminator
return the contents of the receiver, up to the next terminator element.
Doubled terminators indicate an embedded terminator element.
For example: 'this '' was a quote'.
Start positioned before the initial terminator.

usage example(s):

     ('*foo bar baz* more foo' readStream nextDelimited:$*) 
     ('*foo bar **baz***' readStream nextDelimited:$*)   

o  nextMatching: matchBlock1 thenMatching: matchBlock2
read the next word. The first character must match matchBlock1,
remaining characters must match matchBlock2.
Return a string containing those characters.
Useful to read identifiers, where the first char is from a different
set than the remaining (letter vs. letterOrDigit)

o  nextSymbol
read the next selector-symbol (i.e. up to non letter-or-digit).
Return a string containing those characters.
Any leading non-alphaNumeric chars are skipped.



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