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Class: Geometric


Inheritance:

   Object
   |
   +--Geometric
      |
      +--Bezier
      |
      +--Circle
      |
      +--Curve
      |
      +--EllipticalArc
      |
      +--LineSegment
      |
      +--Polygon
      |
      +--Rectangle
      |
      +--Spline

Package:
stx:libbasic
Category:
Graphics-Geometry-Objects
Version:
rev: 1.55 date: 2022/07/02 15:03:21
user: cg
file: Geometric.st directory: libbasic
module: stx stc-classLibrary: libbasic

Description:


Abstract superclass for geometric figures.
Concrete classes are (currently) Rectangle, Polygon and the classes
found in goodies/shape.

These are not graphical objects, but pure mathematical ones.
I.e. instances do not carry graphics attributes such as color, lineWidth etc.
However, they ``know'' how to display themself as stroked or possibly
filled picture on a graphicsContext (although, the GC's current
paint and lineStyles are used).

Use instances of (subclasses) of DisplayObject or 
of the GeometricWrapper classes for objects which keep the color 
and lineStyle information with them.

Notice: 
    ST/X does not use Geometric instances for drawing (yet).
    Except for Rectangle, Geometry and its subclasses exists mainly 
    for ST-80 compatibility and to provide a home when other (PD) 
    geometry classes are to be filed in.

copyright

COPYRIGHT (c) 1995 by Claus Gittinger All Rights Reserved This software is furnished under a license and may be used only in accordance with the terms of that license and with the inclusion of the above copyright notice. This software may not be provided or otherwise made available to, or used by, any other person. No title to or ownership of the software is hereby transferred.

Class protocol:

helper functions
o  boundingRectangleForPoints: aSequencableCollectionOfPoints
given a bunch of point, compute the boundingRectangle
(i.e. the smallest rectangle which encloses all of those points)

o  matrixToRotateBy: alpha
return a rotationmatrix;
the angle is interpreted as counter-clockwise (same as in Point >> rotateBy:)

TODO: cache to avoid recreating matrixes all the time

Usage example(s):

     self matrixToRotateBy:0                       
     self matrixToRotateBy:(90 degreesToRadians)   
     self matrixToRotateBy:(180 degreesToRadians)   
     self matrixToRotateBy:(270 degreesToRadians)  

o  matrixToScaleBy: aPointOrNumber
return a scaling matrix - simple
TODO: cache to avoid recreating matrixes all the time

Usage example(s):

     self matrixToScaleBy:1                       
     self matrixToScaleBy:2

     (10@10 corner:20@20) scaledBy:2
     (10@10 corner:20@20) transformedBy:(Geometric matrixToScaleBy:2)

o  matrixToTranslateBy: aPointOrNumber
return a translation matrix - simple
TODO: cache to avoid recreating matrixes all the time

initialization
o  initialize
setup class constants

Usage example(s):

     Geometric initialize

queries
o  isAbstract
Return if this class is an abstract class.
True is returned here for myself only; false for subclasses.
Abstract subclasses must redefine this again.


Instance protocol:

converting
o  asFiller
return a wrapper which displays the receiver in its filled form

Usage example(s):

     |v r|

     v := View new.
     v extent:200@200.
     v openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r := Rectangle origin:10@10 corner:100@100.
     r asFiller displayOn:v.

o  asFiller: fillColor
return a wrapper which displays the receiver filled with fillColor

Usage example(s):

     |v r|

     v := View new.
     v extent:200@200.
     v openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r := Rectangle origin:10@10 corner:100@100.
     (r asFiller:Color red) displayOn:v.

o  asRectangle
return the enclosing rectangle; same as #bounds

o  asStroker
return a wrapper which displays the receiver as stroked outline

o  asStroker: lineColor
return a wrapper which displays the receiver drawn with strokeColor

Usage example(s):

     |v r|

     v := View new.
     v extent:200@200.
     v openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r := Rectangle origin:10@10 corner:100@100.
     (r asStroker:Color red) displayOn:v.

o  asVisualComponent
return a wrapper on the receiver, which responds to VisualComponent messages.

destructive transformations
o  scaleBy: scale
scale the receiver rectangle by scale (a Number or Point).
This is destructive (modifies the receiver, not a copy) and
should only be used if you know, that you are the exclusive owner
of the receiver. (use scaledBy: if in doubt)

** This method must be redefined in concrete classes (subclassResponsibility) **

o  translateBy: amount
translate (i.e. move) the receiver rectangle
by amount, a Point or Number (keeping extent unchanged).
This is destructive (modifies the receiver, not a copy) and
should only be used if you know, that you are the exclusive owner
of the receiver. (use translatedBy: if in doubt)

** This method must be redefined in concrete classes (subclassResponsibility) **

displaying
o  ascentOn: aGC
displayOn: does not draw above baseline

o  displayFilledOn: aGC
display myself filled on a graphicsContext; the current graphics
attributes are used. Since we do not know how to do it, nothing is
drawn here.

** This method must be redefined in concrete classes (subclassResponsibility) **

o  displayOn: aGCOrStream
display myself on a graphicsContext; the current graphics
attributes are used. The default here is to display the outline.

Usage example(s):

     |v r|

     v := View new.
     v extent:200@200.
     v openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r := Rectangle origin:10@10 corner:100@100.
     r displayOn:v.

o  displayOn: aGC x: x y: y
display myself on a graphicsContext at some coordinate;
the current graphics attributes are used.
The default here is to display the outline.

Usage example(s):

     |v r|

     v := View new.
     v extent:200@200.
     v openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r := Rectangle origin:10@10 corner:100@100.
     r displayOn:v at:20@30.

o  displayStrokedOn: aGC
display my outline on a graphicsContext; the current graphics
attributes are used. Since we do not know how to do it, nothing is
drawn here.

** This method must be redefined in concrete classes (subclassResponsibility) **

helper functions
o  matrixToScaleBy: aPointOrNumber
return a scaling matrix - simple
TODO: cache to avoid recreating matrixes all the time

Usage example(s):

     self matrixToScaleBy:1                       
     self matrixToScaleBy:2

     (10@10 corner:20@20) scaledBy:2    (20@20) extent: (20@20)
     (10@10 corner:20@20) transformedBy:(Geometric matrixToScaleBy:2)   

inspecting
o  inspector2TabDisplayObject
(comment from inherited method)
a tab, showing the receiver as display object

queries
o  bounds
return the smallest enclosing rectangle.
This resends computeBounds, to allow caching of bounds in
case this computation is expensive.

o  computeBounds
return the smallest enclosing rectangle.

** This method must be redefined in concrete classes (subclassResponsibility) **

o  outlineIntersects: aRectangle
return true, if the receiver's image intersects
aRectangle, when drawn as an outline.
Here, all we can do is to ask the boundary rectangle;
subclasses should reimplement better checks.

o  regionIntersects: aRectangle
return true, if the receiver's image intersects
aRectangle, when drawn as a filled version.
Here, all we can do is to ask the boundary rectangle;
subclasses should reimplement better checks.

testing
o  canBeFilled
return true, if the receiver can be drawn as a filled geometric.
Return false here, since we don't know.

o  isBezier2Segment
return true, if the receiver is a quadratic bezier segment

o  isGeometric
return true, if the receiver is a geometric object

o  isLineSegment
return true, if the receiver is a line segment

transformations
o  align: offset with: someCoordinate
return a new geometric object which is translated (i.e. moved)
such that the point offset in mySelf is placed on someCoordinate.

o  alignBottomLeftWith: someCoordinate
return a copy of myself where its bottomLeft is aligned with someCoordinate

Usage example(s):

     |r1 r2 r3 v|

     r1 := 0@0 corner:10@10.
     r2 := 100@100 corner:200@200.
     r3 := r1 copy alignBottomLeftWith:r2 corner.
     v := (View extent:300@300) openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r2 displayOn:v.   
     r3 displayOn:v.   

o  alignBottomRightWith: someCoordinate
return a copy of myself where its bottomRight is aligned with someCoordinate.
Same as alignCorner

Usage example(s):

     |r1 r2 r3 v|

     r1 := 0@0 corner:10@10.
     r2 := 100@100 corner:200@200.
     r3 := r1 copy alignBottomRightWith:r2 corner.
     v := (View extent:300@300) openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r2 displayOn:v.   
     r3 displayOn:v.   

o  alignCenterWith: someCoordinate
return a copy of myself where its center is aligned with someCoordinate.
Same as alignOrigin

Usage example(s):

     |r1 r2 r3 v|

     r1 := 0@0 corner:10@10.
     r2 := 100@100 corner:200@200.
     r3 := r1 copy alignCenterWith:r2 corner.
     v := (View extent:300@300) openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r2 displayOn:v.   
     r3 displayOn:v.   

o  alignCornerWith: someCoordinate
return a copy of myself where its corner is aligned with someCoordinate

Usage example(s):

     |r1 r2 r3 v|

     r1 := 0@0 corner:10@10.
     r2 := 100@100 corner:200@200.
     r3 := r1 copy alignCornerWith:r2 corner.
     v := (View extent:300@300) openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r2 displayOn:v.   
     r3 displayOn:v.   

o  alignOriginWith: someCoordinate
return a copy of myself where its origin is aligned with someCoordinate

Usage example(s):

     |r1 r2 r3 v|

     r1 := 0@0 corner:10@10.
     r2 := 100@100 corner:200@200.
     r3 := r1 copy alignOriginWith:r2 corner.
     v := (View extent:300@300) openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r2 displayOn:v.   
     r3 displayOn:v.   

o  alignTopLeftWith: someCoordinate
return a copy of myself where its topLeft is aligned with someCoordinate.
Same as alignOrigin

Usage example(s):

     |r1 r2 r3 v|

     r1 := 0@0 corner:10@10.
     r2 := 100@100 corner:200@200.
     r3 := r1 copy alignTopLeftWith:r2 corner.
     v := (View extent:300@300) openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r2 displayOn:v.   
     r3 displayOn:v.   

o  alignTopRightWith: someCoordinate
return a copy of myself where its topRight is aligned with someCoordinate.
Same as alignOrigin

Usage example(s):

     |r1 r2 r3 v|

     r1 := 0@0 corner:10@10.
     r2 := 100@100 corner:200@200.
     r3 := r1 copy alignTopRightWith:r2 corner.
     v := (View extent:300@300) openAndWaitUntilVisible.
     r2 displayOn:v.   
     r3 displayOn:v.   

o  rotatedBy: angle about: rotationCenter
return a copy of the receiver, which is rotated around rotationCenter
by an angle (radians) around rotationCenter (which may be located outside);
the angle is interpreted as counter-clockwise (same as in Point >> rotatedBy:)

Usage example(s):

     (Rectangle origin:10@10 corner:50@50) rotatedBy:(Float pi) around:0@0
     (Rectangle origin:10@10 corner:50@50) rotatedBy:(Float pi) around:10@10

o  roundedToNearestIntegerPoint
return a copy of the receiver, where all points are rounded to ly on the nearest integer coordinate

** This method must be redefined in concrete classes (subclassResponsibility) **

o  scaledBy: aPointOrNumber
return a copy of the receiver, which is scaled by the argument, a point or number

o  transformedBy: aMatrix
return a copy of the receiver, which is transformed using aMatrix

** This method must be redefined in concrete classes (subclassResponsibility) **

o  translatedBy: amount
return a copy of the receiver which is translated (i.e. moved)
by amount, aPoint or Number


Examples:


line segment:
  |v l|

  v := (View extent:100@100) openAndWaitUntilVisible.

  l := LineSegment from:10@10 to:90@90. 

  v paint:Color red.
  l displayStrokedOn:v.

  l start:90@10 end:10@90.
  v paint:Color blue.
  l displayStrokedOn:v.
rectangle, unfilled:
  |v r|

  v := (View extent:100@100) openAndWaitUntilVisible.

  r := Rectangle origin:10@10 corner:90@90. 

  v paint:Color red.
  r displayStrokedOn:v.
circle; filled and unfilled:
  |v c|

  v := (View extent:200@100) openAndWaitUntilVisible.

  c := Circle boundingBox:(10@10 corner:90@90). 

  v paint:Color blue.
  c displayFilledOn:v.

  c center:150@50.
  v paint:Color red.
  c displayStrokedOn:v.

circle & rectangle; both filled:
  |v c|

  v := (View extent:100@100) openAndWaitUntilVisible.

  c := Circle center:50@50 radius:40. 

  v paint:Color red.
  c asRectangle displayFilledOn:v.

  v paint:Color blue.
  c displayFilledOn:v.

elliptical arcs; filled & unfilled:
  |v e|

  v := (View extent:200@100) openAndWaitUntilVisible.

  e := EllipticalArc 
          boundingBox:(10@10 corner:190@90)
          startAngle:0
          endAngle:270. 

  v paint:Color blue.
  e displayFilledOn:v.

  v paint:Color red.
  e displayStrokedOn:v.

polygon; filled & unfilled:
  |v p|

  v := (View extent:100@100) openAndWaitUntilVisible.

  p := Polygon vertices:
              (Array with:(10@10)
                     with:(90@90)
                     with:(10@90)).

  v paint:Color blue.
  p displayFilledOn:v.

  v paint:Color red.
  p displayStrokedOn:v.
circles; filled & unfilled:
  |v c|

  v := View new openAndWaitUntilVisible.

  c := Circle center:50@50 radius:40.

  c displayFilledOn:v.
  50 to:1 by:-1 do:[:r |
      c radius:r.
      v paint:(Color grey:(r * 2)).
      c displayStrokedOn:v.
  ].
  1 to:50 do:[:r |
      c radius:r.
      v paint:(Color grey:100-(r * 2)).
      c displayStrokedOn:v.
  ]

arcs; filled:
  |v ell|

  v := View new openAndWaitUntilVisible.

  ell := EllipticalArc
              boundingBox:(10@10 corner:90@90) 
              startAngle:0
              sweepAngle:0.

  #(45 90 135 180 225 270 315 360) keysAndValuesDo:[:index :angle |
      index odd ifTrue:[
          v paint:Color white
      ] ifFalse:[
          v paint:Color black
      ].
      ell sweepAngle:angle.
      ell displayFilledOn:v.
      Delay waitForSeconds:0.5.
  ].

arcs; filled:
  |v ell|

  v := View new openAndWaitUntilVisible.

  ell := EllipticalArc
              boundingBox:(10@10 corner:90@90) 
              startAngle:0
              sweepAngle:45.

  #(45 90 135 180 225 270 315 360) 
  with:#( 0.125 0.25 0.375 0.5 0.625 0.75 0.875 1)
  do:[:angle :grey |
      ell startAngle:angle-45.
      v paint:(ColorValue red:grey green:0 blue:0).
      ell displayFilledOn:v.
  ].

spline; filled & unfilled:
  |v p|

  v := (View extent:100@100) openAndWaitUntilVisible.

  p := Spline controlPoints:
              (Array with:(20@20)
                     with:(80@80)
                     with:(20@80)).

  v paint:Color blue.
  p displayFilledOn:v.

  v paint:Color red.
  p displayStrokedOn:v.
closed spline; filled & unfilled:
  |v p|

  v := (View extent:100@100) openAndWaitUntilVisible.

  p := Spline controlPoints:
              (Array with:(20@20)
                     with:(80@80)
                     with:(20@80)
                     with:(20@20)).

  v paint:Color blue.
  p displayFilledOn:v.

  v paint:Color red.
  p displayStrokedOn:v.


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